• Abstract
  Mmiri mmiri dị elu nke salinity, nke sitere na usoro mmepụta ihe dị ka nhazi mmanụ, mmepụta kemịkalụ, na ihe ọkụkụ, na-ebute nnukwu ihe ịma aka gburugburu ebe obibi na akụ na ụba n'ihi ihe mgbagwoju anya ya na nnukwu nnu. Ụzọ ọgwụgwọ ọdịnala, gụnyere evaporation na membrane filtration, na-alụkarị ọgụ maka adịghị ike ma ọ bụ mmetọ nke abụọ. Ngwa nke ion-membrane electrolysis dị ka ụzọ ọhụrụ maka ịgwọ mmiri mkpofu dị elu. Site n'iji ụkpụrụ electrochemical na ion-exchange membranes nhọrọ, nkà na ụzụ a na-enye ihe ngwọta maka mgbake nnu, nbibi organic, na ịdị ọcha mmiri. A na-atụle usoro ụgbọ njem ion-ahọrọ, nrụpụta ike, na scalability, yana ihe ịma aka dị ka mmebi akpụkpọ ahụ na corrosion. Nnyocha ikpe na ọganihu na-adịbeghị anya na-egosi ọrụ na-ekwe nkwa nke ion-membrane electrolyzers na njikwa mmiri mkpofu na-adịgide adịgide.

• 1. Okwu mmalite*
  Mmiri mkpofu nnu dị elu, nke e ji agbazere nke siri ike karịrị 5,000 mg/L, bụ okwu dị oke mkpa n'ụlọ ọrụ ebe a na-ebute ụzọ iji mmiri na-emegharị mmiri na mmiri efu (ZLD). Ọgwụgwọ ọdịnala dị ka reverse osmosis (RO) na ikuku evaporation na-eche oke ihu na njikwa ọnọdụ saline dị elu, na-eduga ụgwọ ọrụ dị elu yana mmebi akpụkpọ ahụ. Ion-membrane electrolysis, nke emebere na mbụ maka mmepụta chlor-alkali, apụtala dị ka ihe ọzọ na-agbanwe agbanwe. Nkà na ụzụ a na-eji akpụkpọ anụ ion-ahọpụtara ikewapụ na ịchịkwa njem ion n'oge electrolysis, na-eme ka mmiri dị ọcha na mgbake ihe onwunwe n'otu oge.

• 2. Ụkpụrụ nke Ion-Membrane Electrolysis*
  Igwe electrolyzer nke ion-membrane nwere anode, cathode, na akpụkpọ anụ mgbanwe mgbanwe ma ọ bụ akpụkpọ anụ anion. N'oge electrolysis:
• Membrane-Exchange:Na-enye ohere cations (dịka, Na⁺, Ca²⁺) ịgafe mgbe ọ na-egbochi anions (Cl⁻, SO₄²⁻), na-eduzi mbugharị ion n'ebe eletrọd dị iche iche.
• Mmeghachi omume Electrochemical:
• anode:Oxidation nke ion chloride na-emepụta gas chlorine na hypochlorite, nke na-emebi organics ma na-emebi mmiri.
  2Cl−→Cl2+2e-2Cl⁻ → Cl₂ + 2e⁻2Cl-→Cl2+2e-
• Cathode:Mbelata mmiri na-emepụta hydrogen gas na ion hydroxide, na-eme ka pH dịkwuo elu ma na-akwalite ọdịda nke ion ígwè.
  2H2O+2e-→H2+2OH−2H₂O + 2e⁻ → H₂ + 2OH⁻2H2O+2e-→H2+2OH-
• Nkewa nnu:Akpụkpọ ahụ na-eme ka mbufe ion ahọpụtara, na-enye ike itinye uche na brine na mgbake mmiri dị ọhụrụ.

3. Ngwa na ọgwụgwọ mmiri mmiri dị elu-salinity*
a.Mgbake nnu na brine Valorization
Sistemu ion-membrane nwere ike itinye uche na iyi brine (dịka ọmụmaatụ, site na RO jụrụ) maka kristal nnu ma ọ bụ mmepụta sodium hydroxide. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, osisi na-ekpochapụ mmiri mmiri nwere ike nwetaghachi NaCl dị ka ihe na-esi na ya pụta.

b.Nbibi Nbibi Na-emebi Ihe
Electrochemical oxidation na anode na-akụda organics refractory site na oxidants siri ike dị ka ClO⁻ na HOCl. Nnyocha na-egosi 90% mwepụ nke ogige phenolic na HSW emepụtara.

c.Mwepụ ígwè dị arọ
Ọnọdụ alkaline na cathode na-ebute oke mmiri hydroxide nke ọla (dịka ọmụmaatụ, Pb²⁺, Cu²⁺), na-enweta> 95% nrụpụta nrụpụta.

d.Mmiri dị ọcha
Nnwale ndị na-anya ụgbọ elu na-egosi ọnụego mgbake mmiri dị ọhụrụ karịrị 80% na omume belatara site na 150,000 µS/cm ruo <1,000 µS/cm.